Transboundary Emerging and Exotic Animal Disease/ Exotic Animal Disease Practice Exam

Which of the following would be the best description of the classical swine fever virus?

1. A large DNA virus in the genus Asfivirus with wide strain variability in virulence

2. A single stranded RNA virus in the Coronaviridae family and is often very virulent in young animals and less virulent in older animals

3. An RNA virus in the genus Pestivirus with wide strain variability in virulence

4. An RNA virus in the genus Aphthovirus with multiple serotypes and many different strains

The correct answer is: An RNA virus in the genus Pestivirus with wide strain variability in virulence

The classical swine fever virus is accurately described as an RNA virus belonging to the genus Pestivirus. This classification is significant because Pestivirus is known for its ability to cause highly contagious diseases in swine populations. Furthermore, the statement regarding wide strain variability in virulence highlights a key characteristic of classical swine fever. Different strains of the virus can exhibit varying degrees of pathogenicity, affecting the severity of the disease they cause in affected populations. Understanding that classical swine fever is an RNA virus helps to distinguish it from other viruses such as DNA viruses or those belonging to different families. The ability of classical swine fever virus to present a range of virulence across its strains is an important consideration for veterinary epidemiology and disease management strategies, as it influences how the disease may manifest in different populations of hogs. The other options present inaccuracies regarding the virus's classification or the characteristics associated with it. This is crucial when identifying pathogens to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective control measures are employed.