Transboundary Emerging and Exotic Animal Disease/ Exotic Animal Disease Practice Exam

Which diseases are classified as zoonotic from the CDC's Bioterrorism Category A list?

1. Ricin, Botulism and Smallpox

2. Plague, Hantavirus, and Anthrax

3. Q Fever, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, and Nipah virus

4. Anthrax, Botulism, and Plague

The correct answer is: Anthrax, Botulism, and Plague

The correct answer includes Anthrax, Botulism, and Plague, all of which are classified as zoonotic diseases listed in the CDC's Bioterrorism Category A. These diseases are particularly concerning because they can be spread from animals to humans and have significant potential for public health impact. Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which primarily affects herbivorous animals but can be transmitted to humans, often through handling infected animal products or via inhalation of spores. Its potential for bioterrorism arises from its ability to be aerosolized, leading to severe respiratory illness. Botulism, caused by the neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, can occur from contaminated food sources and, while more commonly linked to foodborne illnesses, is also zoonotic. Certain forms of botulism can be associated with animal sources, making it a relevant threat in discussions of bioweapons. Plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, primarily transmitted through flea bites, but it can also spread through contact with infected animals or inhalation of respiratory droplets. Given its historical impact and ease of transmission, it is categorized as a top concern in bioterrorism scenarios. The other