Transboundary Emerging and Exotic Animal Disease/ Exotic Animal Disease Practice Exam

Which disease is transmitted mainly through contaminated feed or water sources?

1. Foot and mouth disease

2. Swine vesicular disease

3. Vesicular stomatitis

4. African swine fever

The correct answer is: African swine fever

African swine fever (ASF) is primarily transmitted through contaminated feed or water sources, making it highly relevant in discussions around disease management in pig populations. The transmission of ASF can occur via infected materials such as feed containing the virus, particularly when it is made from products containing contaminated pork. This highlights the importance of biosecurity measures related to feed and food safety in preventing the spread of the disease. While other diseases listed may also have specific transmission routes, they are not predominantly linked to contaminated feed or water sources. For example, foot and mouth disease primarily spreads through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated materials, while swine vesicular disease and vesicular stomatitis are often transmitted through contact between animals or through fomites. This understanding of transmission routes is crucial for implementing effective control measures and preventing outbreaks, particularly for diseases like African swine fever that can have devastating impacts on swine populations and the agricultural economy.