Transboundary Emerging and Exotic Animal Disease/ Exotic Animal Disease Practice Exam

What are the implications of a diagnosis of HPAI or vND in the U.S.?

1. Trade implications are insignificant

2. The diseases are highly contagious

3. All of the costs of diagnostic testing fall on vets

4. Only commercial birds are affected

The correct answer is: The diseases are highly contagious

The diagnosis of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) or virulent Newcastle Disease (vND) in the U.S. has significant implications due to the highly contagious nature of these diseases. HPAI and vND can spread rapidly among bird populations, not only affecting domestic poultry but also wild birds, which can act as reservoirs for these viruses. The contagiousness of these diseases necessitates immediate public health responses, including quarantine measures and possible culling of infected flocks to control outbreaks and prevent further spread. Effective management of these diseases is critical because their rapid transmission can lead to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry, and pose a risk to food supply chains. Control measures taken in response to a diagnosis of HPAI or vND aim to mitigate these risks and protect both animal health and human health, as some strains of HPAI can have implications for zoonotic transmission. This understanding is essential for veterinarians, animal health officials, and stakeholders within the poultry industry as they develop strategies for diagnosis, prevention, and control of these diseases.