Transboundary Emerging and Exotic Animal Disease/ Exotic Animal Disease Practice Exam

In the classical swine fever outbreak in the U.K., what was the probable route of virus introduction into the country?

1. Import of an infected animal/animals

2. Exposure of pigs to contaminated food discarded by people

3. Contaminated vaccines

4. Transmission from an infected insect vector

The correct answer is: Exposure of pigs to contaminated food discarded by people

The probable route of virus introduction into the U.K. during the classical swine fever outbreak is best understood through the context of exposure of pigs to contaminated food discarded by people. This scenario highlights a critical point regarding how viruses can spread in populations, particularly in swine. Classical swine fever, caused by the classical swine fever virus, can persist in contaminated environments and materials, including food waste. If infected products such as pork or other pig-derived products are improperly disposed of and made accessible to swine populations, there is a high risk of transmission. Swine can ingest contaminated food, leading to infection. Additionally, the consideration of biosecurity measures and regulations surrounding food waste management becomes important in this context. Proper disposal and control of food waste in areas where pigs are raised are crucial to prevent potential disease outbreaks. The other possible routes, while they could theoretically contribute to disease introduction, were not the most probable in the U.K. case. Importing infected animals, the use of contaminated vaccines, and insect vectors are less likely to have been factors in this specific outbreak in terms of the circumstances at the time. Recognizing and understanding the routes of introduction, particularly through food contamination, is essential for biosecurity and disease management strategies in swine